Echocardiography: The Normal Examination and Echocardiographic Measurements

This text is principally intended to be used by students and teachers of echocardiography, although all echocardiographic practices will find it to be a useful educational guide and resource. Chapters cover the basic principles of ultrasound imaging and Doppler techniques as well as the echocardiographic examination, with respect to standard echocardiographic images and views, image optimisation and echocardiographic measurements. Precise details of measurement techniques and their limitations are included. Numerous ¿Practical Examples¿ are also incorporated to illustrate the clinical application of various echocardiographic calculations along with additional ¿Technical Tips¿ showing examples of common measurement errors and ways to avoid them. Key points are emphasised in numerous information panels scattered throughout the text. Since the release of the first edition of "Echocardiography: The Normal Examination and Echocardiographic Measurements" more than 16 years ago, the popularity of this title has risen to see it become a core text for schools and students of echocardiography worldwide. It can also be found in many echocardiographic laboratories where it is used as a reference tool and in the ongoing training and development of cardiac sonographers and registrars. The basic structure of this third edition remains essentially the same as the earlier editions with chapter themes and topics remaining unchanged, although reference values and other essential information have been updated. New images, extra tips and clinical examples have also been added, which are all aimed at furthering the reader's understanding of this fascinating field.