French description: Cet ouvrage rassemble la presque totalite des communications donnees lors de la quatrieme rencontre Ex Oriente luxuria. Cette reunion etait la troisieme consacree a un produit - ou a un materiau - exotique, c'est-a-dire produit en dehors du monde mediterraneen antique, qui en etait demandeur et consommateur. En prenant pour sujet l'ivoire d'elephant, cette nouvelle edition de la serie marquait le retour aux produits d'origine animale, en s'inscrivant evidemment dans la continuite des precedentes. En effet, elle partageait avec celles-ci, mutatis mutandis, les memes questionnements et les memes perspectives fondamentales. En premier lieu, c'est une enquete sur les connexions reliant les mondes extra-mediterraneens et l'Occident, prenant pour point de depart - comme pour la perle, l'ecaille de tortue et le poivre - l'objet, a partir duquel sont deroulees les autres problematiques: culturelles, sociales, economiques, etc. En deuxieme lieu, cette enquete s'appuyait sur la comparaison transperiodique, avec la conviction que les recherches de chacun en tireraient profit, car les differents aspects de la question n'ont pas ete traites avec la meme intensite suivant les periodes, compte tenu notamment de la disparite des sources documentaires disponibles. S'y ajoutait, concernant plus particulierement l'Antiquite mediterraneenne, la conviction que cette approche permettrait de degager des questionnements restes a l'etat latent, de combler des lacunes documentaires et d'etayer des hypotheses etiologiques en attente de preuves. Enfin, comme veut le dire l'intitule de cette serie de rencontres, on continuait a explorer les notions de luxe et d'objet de luxe, qui doivent trouver la place qui leur convient dans l'histoire sociale et economique de l'Antiquite. English summary: This book brings together almost all the papers given at the fourth meeting Ex Oriente luxuria. This was the third meeting devoted to an 'exotic' product - or material - i.e. one produced outside the ancient Mediterranean world, which was both a consumer and a demander. By taking elephant ivory as its subject, this new edition of the series marked a return to products of animal origin, as a continuation of the previous ones. Indeed, it shared with them, mutatis mutandis, the same fundamental questions and perspectives. In the first place, it is an investigation on the connections between the extra-Mediterranean worlds and the West, taking as its starting point - as with the pearl, the tortoise shell and the pepper - the object, from which the other issues are developed: cultural, social, economic, etc. Secondly, this investigation was based on a trans-period comparison, with the conviction that everyone's research would benefit from it, since the different aspects of the question were not treated with the same intensity according to the periods, particularly given the disparity of the available documentary sources. In addition, with regard to Mediterranean antiquity in particular, there was the conviction that this approach would make it possible to identify questions that had remained latent, to fill in documentary gaps and to support etiological hypotheses that were awaiting proof. Finally, as the title of this series of meetings implies, we continued to explore the notions of luxury and luxury objects, which must find their proper place in the social and economic history of Antiquity.
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